There are a variety of types of irrigation systems are available. Certain systems are easy to install, whereas others require much more equipment and upkeep.
The system consists of pumps, ditches, gates, and canals to increase and distribute water evenly across the fields. This is the most expensive kind of irrigation system.
Surface Irrigation
Surface irrigation is a typical method of water supply. It is simple to operate, requires no capital investment and requires no knowledge and is even able to be utilized on land that is sloped. It is the most energy efficient method of irrigating fields that are sloped, since it relies on gravity to move the water. It is difficult to manage and could cause fields to be overflowing for prolonged durations of time.
Three kinds of surface irrigation are distinguished: basin irrigation border irrigation, furrow and basin irrigation. Basin irrigation is the most popular kind of irrigation using surface water. It is comprised of diked areas which allow the surface water to flow without direction. They can be constructed in any shape and size to accommodate various soil types and crop designs. They can be altered to incorporate corrugated surfaces as well as filled with sand in order to enhance soil quality.
They are also simple to maintain. They are able to be cleaned and examined quickly. They are also able to be flushed to ensure that they don’t get blocked with sediment or salts. This is a major benefit over drip irrigation, which requires the lateral pipes to be submerged. This makes them harder to maintain and check.
Drip Irrigation
The drip irrigation system that drips low-pressure water directly on the plants. The water is dripped directly to the roots of plants, which makes it an extremely efficient method of irrigation. It is a great method for soils with sandy soils since it distributes water over more of a larger area that surface irrigation. Landscape plantings for residential gardens and row crop production for commercial purposes could be benefited by drip irrigation.
The system consists of a pump that pulls water from a source and then releases it at the right pressure to a pipe network which transports the water to the field. (See the figure below). In certain situations the need for a settling pond may be necessary. It is essential that the pump unit is appropriately sized to avoid over-pumping and/or damage to soil and plants. Filters are used to eliminate the seeds of weeds fertilizer residues, chemical compounds and other substances that are dissolved in water, which could precipitate. (For instance calcium, iron and magnesium). Chemical injection units that injects a predetermined amount of insecticide, herbicide and fungicide into the water during each cycle of irrigation is also part of the.
PVC pipes are utilized to transport water from reservoirs to the fields. Pipes may differ in terms of size and bec tuoi phun mua diameter. Certain PVC pipes can bend easily and are flexible while others feature a smooth bore as well as an unresistible bore. The emitters (nozzles) that are positioned across the length, are chosen based on the soil and the conditions of the crop. Certain emitters are pressure compensated which allows them to be flowed consistently across an extensive range of pressures and sizes.
Sprinkler irrigation
Sprinkler irrigation mimics rain by spreading water drops over the surface of the soil. This kind of irrigation works well with a range of crops, including fruits and vegetables. This kind of irrigation provides an enviable, lush landscape that is virtually hands-free.
Sprinkler systems, just like other methods of irrigation, have their advantages and disadvantages, based on the field’s terrain. Certain systems are suitable for specific terrains, whereas others are expensive.
The center pivot irrigation method is among of the most frequently employed systems. It is comprised of several towers that rotate and move around in a circle to water the crops. The movement and rotation of the towers are controlled by an electronic control unit. Operators are able to communicate with machines and manage their operations remotely via cellphone or satellite radio.
They’re like center pivots however, they’re specifically designed to water rectangular fields. They require more effort in the summer months however they are less costly in cost over the long term.
The solid-set system was designed to be used for perennial plants, turf and landscape. They are low-cost and uniform. They encourage healthy growth and high yield. They can be utilized together with fertilizers to create the simultaneous application of water and nutrients, referred to as fertigation. This can increase the absorption of nutrients.
Methods for irrigation
The method of artificially irrigation of soil is to spray water over it to keep a consistent water level. It can be accomplished in many ways such as spraying, tubes, and pumps. In regions in which there isn’t enough rain to sustain the plant life, irrigation might be required.
In the pursuit of food and farming, the first civilizations built dams, canals, and intricate irrigation systems. The same results using lesser energy today because of technology.
Surface irrigation can be divided into three types border, furrows and basins. It involves a closed field that is protected by levees to prevent the water from flowing out. This is the best method for other crops that are tolerant of flooding.
Surge flooding is a variant of the traditional flood irrigation. The system is based on gated pipes that is powered by batteries or solar controllers. The valves allow water to flow through the field, and then shut off the flow. This causes waves of irrigation that minimize runoff that is not needed.
The system is able to be used to grow a variety of crops. It is a great system for areas with slopes. It is essential that the flow rate is sufficient to push the water in a forward direction, yet not too that it is so large that it will remove the fertile soil. Also, it should not trigger the condition known as waterlogging in which the soil is saturated.
